[Bug 1909124] [NEW] Desktop system installation error: unexplained target disk issue

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- Original problem: I freshly installed Ubuntu on my Sony VAIO Fit 15A
using the recommended settings. I didn't do a manual partition and
during the installation process I did not select the option to install
3rd party software as it was causing the installer to crash. Then as
soon as Ubuntu was successfully installed, I restarted the PC the
following error popped up and then takes me to a BusyBox shell terminal:

""
Gave up waiting for root file system devices. Common problems:
     - Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
          - Check rootdelay=(did the system wait long enough?)
     - Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
ALERT! /dev/sda2 does not exist. Dropping to a shell!
""

I seeked help  from a friend of mine and we tried the following to try and solve the issue:
  - checking the integrity of the ISO and burning it on different USB sticks to freshly reinstall Ubuntu leading to the same error
  - we tired reinstalling it by checking the option to install 3rd party drivers and the installation error occured again (check images: "installation_failure1" & "installation_failure2"). We then thought there was a disc error so we followed the steps: https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/disk-check.html.en to check for disc failure but the tools say it is working fine.

We did not have a good idea on how to proceed since we don't know what is the source of the problem and he recommended me to file a bug report of it. 
Here is a copy of the logs in pastebin: https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/yBPDnKkh3q/ 

- Release: Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
- Expected: to install Ubuntu correctly and make it run
- What happened: installation failed

** Affects: ubiquity (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: bot-comment
-- 
Desktop system installation error: unexplained target disk issue
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1909124
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