[Bug 1906256] Re: grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.

[oldfred]

Windows requires MBR(msdos) partitioning for BIOS boot.
Ubuntu will let you install in UEFI mode to MBR drive, but probably should not as Windows wants boot partition to be its partition with boot files (system), but UEFI wants boot flag on ESP - efi system partition.
UEFI highly recommends gpt partitioning for UEFI, and Windows only installs in UEFI mode to gpt drives. Normal reinstall in different mode will erase drive. So if you attempt to reinstall Windows in UEFI mode, it will convert drive to gpt & totally erase drive. Or have good backups.

Either reinstall Windows in UEFI mode since you have UEFI hardware.
Microsoft has required vendors to install in UEFI mode to gpt
partitioned drives since 2012 and release of Windows 8.

Or only install Ubuntu in 40 year old BIOS/MBR configuration.

How you boot install media, UEFI or BIOS is then how it installs.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1906256

Title:
  grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.

Status in grub2 package in Ubuntu:
  New

Bug description:
  I have windows 10 installed on my computer. 
  I have single disk of 500gb size ( 1 partition - 50mb - system required - NTFS, 2nd partition 165 gb - primary - wherein windows 10 installed).
  I tried to install Ubuntu as secondary OS in dual boot format.
  at the end of installation, it gave error as fatal error.

  Please help us to understand the steps needed while installing ubuntu as dual boot os.
  I would like to know whether a new separate EFI boot partition is needed for ubuntu?

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 20.10
  Package: ubiquity 20.10.13
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 5.8.0-25.26-generic 5.8.14
  Uname: Linux 5.8.0-25-generic x86_64
  NonfreeKernelModules: zfs zunicode zavl icp zcommon znvpair
  ApportVersion: 2.20.11-0ubuntu50
  Architecture: amd64
  CasperMD5CheckResult: pass
  CasperVersion: 1.455
  CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
  Date: Mon Nov 30 18:10:04 2020
  InstallCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed maybe-ubiquity quiet splash ---
  LiveMediaBuild: Ubuntu 20.10 "Groovy Gorilla" - Release amd64 (20201022)
  ProcEnviron:
   LANGUAGE=en_IN
   PATH=(custom, no user)
   XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
   LANG=en_IN
   LC_NUMERIC=C.UTF-8
  RebootRequiredPkgs:
   linux-image-5.8.0-25-generic
   linux-base
  SourcePackage: ubiquity
  UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)

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