[Bug 2093164] Re: initramfs-tools generates deprecated netplan config gateway4 and gateway6

[gerald.yang]

Thanks Lukas for reviewing this, that makes sense
I will update the debdiff to set different default routes for gateway4 and gateway6

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Title:
  initramfs-tools generates deprecated netplan config gateway4 and
  gateway6

Status in initramfs-tools package in Ubuntu:
  In Progress
Status in initramfs-tools source package in Focal:
  In Progress
Status in initramfs-tools source package in Jammy:
  In Progress
Status in initramfs-tools source package in Noble:
  In Progress
Status in initramfs-tools source package in Oracular:
  In Progress
Status in initramfs-tools source package in Plucky:
  In Progress

Bug description:
  [Impact]

  According to netplan doc
  https://netplan.readthedocs.io/en/latest/netplan-yaml

  gateway4/gateway6 are deprecated and the first version deprecates these fields is 0.103,
  it should use "routes:" instead.

  In scripts/functions:_render_netplan, it still generates the
  deprecated fields in /run/netplan/xxx.yaml:

  	if [ -n "$gateway4" ]; then
  		echo "      gateway4: \"$gateway4\""
  	fi
  	if [ -n "$gateway6" ]; then
  		echo "      gateway6: \"$gateway6\""
  	fi

  Then casper copies this config to root filesystem and later on used by cloud-init:
  https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/casper/tree/scripts/casper-bottom/58server_network?h=applied/ubuntu/noble-updates#n47

  In this case, cloud-init returns 2 (success with recoverable errors)
  rather than '0' (success)

  We should modify these fields to use "routes:" based on netplan doc:
  https://netplan.readthedocs.io/en/latest/netplan-yaml/#default-routes

  
  [Test Case]

  To verify if it generates the correct netplan config, we can specify
  ip related config in kernel cmdline in grub menu and check the yaml
  file in /run/netplan/

  Steps to reproduce the netplan config:

  1. launch a test VM in lxd
  2. go into grub menu
  3. pass ip related info to kernel cmdline, e.g.
  ip=10.194.146.91::10.194.146.1:255.255.255.0::::10.194.146.1
  4. boot into system and check /run/netplan/xxx.yaml

  Originally, it generates something like:
  cat /run/netplan/enp5s0.yaml 
  network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
      enp5s0:
        addresses:
          - "10.194.146.91/24"
        gateway4: "10.194.146.1"
        nameservers:
          addresses: ["10.194.146.1"]

  After the patch, it generates something like:
  cat /run/netplan/enp5s0.yaml 
  network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
      enp5s0:
        addresses:
          - "10.194.146.91/24"
        routes:
          - to: default
            via: "10.194.146.1"
        nameservers:
          addresses: ["10.194.146.1"]

  
  [Where problems could occur]

  This patch follows the netplan doc to use "routes:" for default gateway,
  if the format is correct, it shouldn't cause any issue. 

  [Other Info]
  https://bugs.launchpad.net/cloud-init/+bug/1992512

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