[Bug 2027847] [NEW] Updating kernel does not check for free space left on device beforehand

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Public bug reported:

System information:
ubuntu 23.04 x86_64
6.2.0-24-generic

Upgrading the system:

$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up linux-firmware (20230323.gitbcdcfbcf-0ubuntu1.2) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-24-generic
I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/dm-2
I: (/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1)
I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.
zstd: error 70 : Write error : cannot write block : No space left on device 
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -1 -T0 70

Check space left (none):
$ df -h /boot
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb2       707M  693M     0 100% /boot

What is required is to remove older kernels (and purge them most likely). List all the installed kernels except the current one:
$ dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d'
linux-headers-6.2.0-23
linux-headers-6.2.0-23-generic
linux-headers-6.2.0-25
linux-headers-6.2.0-25-generic
linux-image-6.2.0-23-generic
linux-libc-dev:amd64
linux-libc-dev:i386
linux-modules-6.2.0-23-generic
linux-modules-6.2.0-25-generic
linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-23-generic
linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-25-generic

Is not possible to uninstall any kernel because fails:
$ sudo apt purge linux-headers-6.2.0-23
E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.

Reconfigure fails again so some kernel have to be manually removed to free up space:
$ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-23-generic
$ sudo rm -rf /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-25-generic.new

Now you can reconfigure:
$ 

Remove kernels:
$ sudo apt purge linux-headers-6.2.0-23 linux-headers-6.2.0-23-generic linux-headers-6.2.0-25 linux-headers-6.2.0-25-generic linux-image-6.2.0-23-generic linux-modules-6.2.0-23-generic linux-modules-6.2.0-25-generic linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-23-generic linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-25-generic

Reboot:
$ sudo reboot

Upgrade as usual:
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Before upgrading new kernels I need to check for free space and remove
older kernels manually. Fix this so there's only one kernel left.

** Affects: apt (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

** Affects: dpkg (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

** Affects: kernel-package (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

** Affects: linux (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

** Affects: linux-firmware (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

** Affects: linux-kernel-headers (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

** Affects: linux-restricted-modules (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: 23.04 apt dpkg linux-headers linux-image linux-modules

** Also affects: linux (Ubuntu)
   Importance: Undecided
       Status: New

** Also affects: linux-kernel-headers (Ubuntu)
   Importance: Undecided
       Status: New

** Also affects: kernel-package (Ubuntu)
   Importance: Undecided
       Status: New

** Also affects: linux-restricted-modules (Ubuntu)
   Importance: Undecided
       Status: New

** Also affects: dpkg (Ubuntu)
   Importance: Undecided
       Status: New

** Also affects: apt (Ubuntu)
   Importance: Undecided
       Status: New

** Tags added: 23.04

** Tags added: linux-headers linux-image linux-modules

** Tags added: apt dpkg

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2027847

Title:
  Updating kernel does not check for free space left on device
  beforehand

Status in apt package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in dpkg package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in kernel-package package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in linux package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in linux-firmware package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in linux-kernel-headers package in Ubuntu:
  New
Status in linux-restricted-modules package in Ubuntu:
  New

Bug description:
  System information:
  ubuntu 23.04 x86_64
  6.2.0-24-generic

  Upgrading the system:

  $ sudo dpkg --configure -a
  Setting up linux-firmware (20230323.gitbcdcfbcf-0ubuntu1.2) ...
  update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-24-generic
  I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/dm-2
  I: (/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1)
  I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.
  zstd: error 70 : Write error : cannot write block : No space left on device 
  E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -1 -T0 70

  Check space left (none):
  $ df -h /boot
  Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
  /dev/sdb2       707M  693M     0 100% /boot

  What is required is to remove older kernels (and purge them most likely). List all the installed kernels except the current one:
  $ dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d'
  linux-headers-6.2.0-23
  linux-headers-6.2.0-23-generic
  linux-headers-6.2.0-25
  linux-headers-6.2.0-25-generic
  linux-image-6.2.0-23-generic
  linux-libc-dev:amd64
  linux-libc-dev:i386
  linux-modules-6.2.0-23-generic
  linux-modules-6.2.0-25-generic
  linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-23-generic
  linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-25-generic

  Is not possible to uninstall any kernel because fails:
  $ sudo apt purge linux-headers-6.2.0-23
  E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.

  Reconfigure fails again so some kernel have to be manually removed to free up space:
  $ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-23-generic
  $ sudo rm -rf /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-25-generic.new

  Now you can reconfigure:
  $ 

  Remove kernels:
  $ sudo apt purge linux-headers-6.2.0-23 linux-headers-6.2.0-23-generic linux-headers-6.2.0-25 linux-headers-6.2.0-25-generic linux-image-6.2.0-23-generic linux-modules-6.2.0-23-generic linux-modules-6.2.0-25-generic linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-23-generic linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-25-generic

  Reboot:
  $ sudo reboot

  Upgrade as usual:
  $ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

  Before upgrading new kernels I need to check for free space and remove
  older kernels manually. Fix this so there's only one kernel left.

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